Evaluación del efecto antimicrobiano de la reuterina en bacterias multirresistentes aisladas de hospital

Abstract

Resumen del reporte técnico en inglés In Mexico there are a very limited number of epidemiological studies of infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria so the resistance problem is greatly underestimated in the country; the indiscriminate use of antibiotics and the selective environmental pressure of antiseptics and disinfectants has generated a great resistance to available antibiotics, causing treatment options to become increasingly limited. These bacteria create a public health problem in the hospital environment; so proposing new methods of control and preventing their dissemination is of international importance. One option that is currently being explored is to use probiotics which produce substances capable of controlling pathogenic microorganisms; they have also not generated resistance to these natural antimicrobials. Lactobacillus are one of the most widely used probiotics; among which is Lactobacillus reuteri which secretes antimicrobial intermediaries such as reuterine. This research evaluated the antimicrobial effect of reuterine against strains isolated from hospital that are multidrug-resistant bacteria, the bacteria studied were Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aureginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae using the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) method, in which different concentrations of reuterine were added to the bacteria in a 96-well plaque until identifying the lowest concentration at which reuterine inhibits the growth of these strains. The results show that reuterine was able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aures at a concentration of 1.5-2 mM, while the growth of Pseudomonas aureginosa was inhibited by a concentration of 4 mM, on the other hand, the growth of Klebsiella pneumonie was not inhibited either by the highest concentration tested (44.7 mM) probably by the capsule that prevents the passage of the reuterine to the cell, however, these results are very encouraging because reuterine was able to inhibit the growth of multidrug-resistant bacteria which represents an excellent control option, because it is synthesized at low cost, easy and fast in addition to obtaining concentrations much higher than those needed to inhibit these tested bacteria.