Five Cellular Genes as Candidates for Cervical Adenocarcinoma Molecular Markers

Abstract

Background/Aim: Cervical adenocarcinoma associated with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection represents 85–90% of all adenocarcinomas that have poor prognostic factors and is an important health public concern. Currently, cervical adenocarcinoma molecular markers are scarce. This study searched databases and the literature regarding candidate genes to find these molecular markers, which were experimentally evaluated in fresh cervical samples. Materials and Methods: Bioinformatic analysis of 161 transcriptomic libraries of cervical tissues with or without lesions from the NCBI database was performed using the Partek Genomics Suite 6.6v software. The selected genes with a p value of >0.05, and 1.5-fold change were considered. A search of molecular marker candidates of cervical lesions that were already published in the literature was performed. To validate the selected genes, total RNA from fresh cervical adenocarcinoma and cervical normal tissues were subjected to RT-PCR experiments; HPV detection was also performed. Results: Initially, twenty-five genes were identified using bioinformatic analysis, and their expression was evaluated. The results showed that the HOXC6, HOXC8, RARβ, ELAVL2, URG4, CISD2, CA9, BCL2, Survivin, MACC1, CDKN2A, and HPV E6/E7 genes were found to be differentially expressed in CC. Among these, RARβ, MACC1, BCL2, HOXC8, and E6/E7/HPV exhibited higher statistical significance for CC samples. Conclusions: This five-gene panel could serve as a novel molecular tool for HPV-associated cervical adenocarcinoma detection.