Translocation as a conservation tool for the Bolson tortoise (Gopherus flavomarginatus) in northern Mexico

Abstract

Translocation programs have largely been used on birds and mammals, however their use on reptiles is increasing. With more than 80% of turtle and tortoise species at risk of becoming extinct in the world, translocation may be an option to recover populations. In Mexico, 33 of the 48 chelonian species, have a protection status but no translocation programs have been conducted. Therefore, we reviewed open literature on worldwide tortoise translocation projects to attempt the development of a guideline to improve success rate. We identified the main influencing factors for a successful outcome: habitat suitability, acclimatization (soft release), selection of translocation candidates, monitoring post translocation and public acceptance of the translocation program and we also propose the Bolson tortoise (Gopherus flavomarginatus), a critically endangered species (IUCN), as a candidate for such translocations. The information provided by this review will be useful to develop strategies for future tortoise translocations in Mexico